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Marston Vale is an area of Bedfordshire. It lies to the south west of Bedford and Kempston, down towards Junction 13 of the M1 motorway. Historically it was one of the main brickmaking districts in England, home of the London Brick Company, now a division of Hanson plc. The brickmaking activity left scars across the landscape of the Marston Vale as large tracts of land were dug for clay. Most of the claypits are now exhausted, and most of the brickmaking chimneys have been demolished. The legacy of the abandoned brickworks also adds to the impression that the Marston Vale has been despoiled by decades of industrial activity and it is now searching for a new identity. In more recent years the local authorities have taken the opportunity to reuse the clay pits for landfills at Stewartby and Brogborough, both of which are recently capped and closed down. The aesthetic and environmental condition of the Vale is being restored by a community forest project called the Forest of Marston Vale. Villages in Marston Vale include Stewartby, Kempston Hardwick, Houghton Conquest, Marston Moretaine, Lidlington, Brogborough, Ridgmont and Wootton, and in 2007 construction work began on the new town of Wixams. Wootton Pillinge was renamed Stewartby in 1937 in recognition of the Stewart family who had been instrumental in developing the brickworks. At the height of the industry’s production there were 162 brick chimneys in the Marston Vale. In the 1970s Bedfordshire produced 20% of England’s bricks. Prior to closure, production totalled 135 millions bricks a year.〔(BBC: "Brickmaking in Bedfordshire" )〕 In Feb 2008, Hanson closed brickmaking operations at Stewartby owing to problems meeting UK sulphur emission regulations, even though it met the EU regulations. In 2008, the 2 surviving Hoffman kilns (CK1 and CK3) and 4 chimneys at the brickworks were given Grade 2 listed status. 〔( British Listed Buildings )〕 The factories used Oxford Clay, which is made up of 5% seaweed, formed 150 million years ago when it was on the sea bed. This removed the need to add coal to the fire, as the organic material burned. Rail transport in the area is served by the Marston Vale Line. ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Marston Vale」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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